It is now evident that various behaviors, which are repeatedly reinforcing the reward, motivation and memory circuitry are all part of the disease of addiction. While “addiction” has historically been associated with the problematic overconsumption of drugs and/or alcohol, the burgeoning neuroscientific research in this field has changed our understanding over the last few decades. Future research needs to address whether or not there are specific differences between substance and behavioral addiction.Ī revolutionary paradigm shift is occurring in the field of addiction that has great implications for assessment and treatment. Together with studies on Internet addiction and Internet Gaming Disorder we see strong evidence for considering addictive Internet behaviors as behavioral addiction. The review leads to the conclusion that Internet pornography addiction fits into the addiction framework and shares similar basic mechanisms with substance addiction. Moreover, we reviewed available neuroscientific literature on Internet pornography addiction and connect the results to the addiction model. Within this review, we give a summary of the concepts proposed underlying addiction and give an overview about neuroscientific studies on Internet addiction and Internet gaming disorder. Other Internet related behaviors, e.g., Internet pornography use, were not covered. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) has recognized one such Internet related behavior, Internet gaming, as a potential addictive disorder warranting further study, in the 2013 revision of their Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Regarding Internet addiction, neuroscientific research supports the assumption that underlying neural processes are similar to substance addiction. Many recognize that several behaviors potentially affecting the reward circuitry in human brains lead to a loss of control and other symptoms of addiction in at least some individuals.
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January 2023
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